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A growth mechanism for free-standing vertical graphene

Cited 138 time in webofscience Cited 140 time in scopus
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Title
A growth mechanism for free-standing vertical graphene
Author(s)
Jiong Zhao; Mehrdad Shaygan; Jürgen Eckert; M. Meyyappan; Hermann Rummeli Mark
Subject
Vertical graphene, nucleation, step-flow, edge closure
Publication Date
2014-06
Journal
NANO LETTERS, v.14, no.6, pp.3064 - 3071
Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Abstract
We propose a detailed mechanism for the growth of vertical graphene by plasma-enhanced vapor deposition. Different steps during growth including nucleation, growth, and completion of the free-standing two-dimensional structures are characterized and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The nucleation of vertical graphene growth is either from the buffer layer or from the surface of carbon onions. A continuum model based on the surface diffusion and moving boundary (mass flow) is developed to describe the intermediate states of the steps and the edges of graphene. The experimentally observed convergence tendency of the steps near the top edge can be explained by this model. We also observed the closure of the top edges that can possibly stop the growth. This two-dimensional vertical growth follows a self-nucleated, step-flow mode, explained for the first time.
URI
https://pr.ibs.re.kr/handle/8788114/997
DOI
10.1021/nl501039c | Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 3064−3071
ISSN
1530-6984
Appears in Collections:
Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics(나노구조물리 연구단) > 1. Journal Papers (저널논문)
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