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Master curve of boosted diffusion for 10 catalytic enzymes

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Title
Master curve of boosted diffusion for 10 catalytic enzymes
Author(s)
Ah-Young Jee; Tsvi Tlusty; Steve Granick
Publication Date
2020-11
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v.117, no.47, pp.29435 - 29441
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Abstract
Molecular agitation more rapid than thermal Brownian motion is reported for cellular environments, motor proteins, synthetic molecular motors, enzymes, and common chemical reactions, yet that chemical activity coupled to molecular motion contrasts with generations of accumulated knowledge about diffusion at equilibrium. To test the limits of this idea, a critical testbed is the mobility of catalytically active enzymes. Sentiment is divided about the reality of enhanced enzyme diffusion, with evidence for and against. Here a master curve shows that the enzyme diffusion coefficient increases in proportion to the energy release rate-the product of Michaelis-Menten reaction rate and Gibbs free energy change (ΔG)-with a highly satisfactory correlation coefficient of 0.97. For 10 catalytic enzymes (urease, acetylcholinesterase, seven enzymes from the glucose cascade cycle, and one other), our measurements span from a roughly 40% enhanced diffusion coefficient at a high turnover rate and negative ΔG to no enhancement at a slow turnover rate and positive ΔG Moreover, two independent measures of mobility show consistency, provided that one avoids undesirable fluorescence photophysics. The master curve presented here quantifies the limits of both ideas, that enzymes display enhanced diffusion and that they do not within instrumental resolution, and has possible implications for understanding enzyme mobility in cellular environments. The striking linear dependence of ΔG for the exergonic enzymes (ΔG <0), together with the vanishing effect for endergonic enzyme (ΔG >0), are consistent with a physical picture in which the mechanism boosting the diffusion is an active one, utilizing the available work from the chemical reaction
URI
https://pr.ibs.re.kr/handle/8788114/8999
DOI
10.1073/pnas.2019810117
ISSN
0027-8424
Appears in Collections:
Center for Soft and Living Matter(첨단연성물질 연구단) > 1. Journal Papers (저널논문)
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