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TET family dioxygenases and DNA demethylation in stem cells and cancers

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Title
TET family dioxygenases and DNA demethylation in stem cells and cancers
Author(s)
Jungeun An; Anjana Rao; Myunggon Ko
Publication Date
2017-04
Journal
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE, v.49, no.4, pp.e323
Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
Abstract
The methylation of cytosine and subsequent oxidation constitutes a fundamental epigenetic modification in mammalian genomes, and its abnormalities are intimately coupled to various pathogenic processes including cancer development. Enzymes of the Ten-eleven translocation (TET) family catalyze the stepwise oxidation of 5-methylcytosine in DNA to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and further oxidation products. These oxidized 5-methylcytosine derivatives represent intermediates in the reversal of cytosine methylation, and also serve as stable epigenetic modifications that exert distinctive regulatory roles. It is becoming increasingly obvious that TET proteins and their catalytic products are key regulators of embryonic development, stem cell functions and lineage specification. Over the past several years, the function of TET proteins as a barrier between normal and malignant states has been extensively investigated. Dysregulation of TET protein expression or function is commonly observed in a wide range of cancers. Notably, TET loss-of-function is causally related to the onset and progression of hematologic malignancy in vivo. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the mechanistic understanding of DNA methylation-demethylation dynamics, and their potential regulatory functions in cellular differentiation and oncogenic transformation. (c) 2017 KSBMB. All rights reserved
URI
https://pr.ibs.re.kr/handle/8788114/4152
DOI
10.1038/emm.2017.5
ISSN
1226-3613
Appears in Collections:
Center for Genomic Integrity(유전체 항상성 연구단) > 1. Journal Papers (저널논문)
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