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Slowest-first protein translation scheme: Structural asymmetry and co-translational folding

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Title
Slowest-first protein translation scheme: Structural asymmetry and co-translational folding
Author(s)
John M. McBride; Tsvi Tlusty
Publication Date
2021-12-21
Journal
Biophysical Journal, v.120, no.24, pp.5466 - 5477
Publisher
Biophysical Society
Abstract
Proteins are translated from the N to the C terminus, raising the basic question of how this innate directionality affects their evolution. To explore this question, we analyze 16,200 structures from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). We find remarkable enrichment of α helices at the C terminus and β strands at the N terminus. Furthermore, this α−β asymmetry correlates with sequence length and contact order, both determinants of folding rate, hinting at possible links to co-translational folding (CTF). Hence, we propose the “slowest-first” scheme, whereby protein sequences evolved structural asymmetry to accelerate CTF: the slowest of the cooperatively folding segments are positioned near the N terminus so they have more time to fold during translation. A phenomenological model predicts that CTF can be accelerated by asymmetry in folding rate, up to double the rate, when folding time is commensurate with translation time; analysis of the PDB predicts that structural asymmetry is indeed maximal in this regime. This correspondence is greater in prokaryotes, which generally require faster protein production. Altogether, this indicates that accelerating CTF is a substantial evolutionary force whose interplay with stability and functionality is encoded in secondary structure asymmetry.
URI
https://pr.ibs.re.kr/handle/8788114/10954
DOI
10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.024
ISSN
0006-3495
Appears in Collections:
Center for Soft and Living Matter(첨단연성물질 연구단) > 1. Journal Papers (저널논문)
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