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Role of generic scale invariance in a Mott transition from a U(1) spin-liquid insulator to a Landau Fermi-liquid metal

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Title
Role of generic scale invariance in a Mott transition from a U(1) spin-liquid insulator to a Landau Fermi-liquid metal
Author(s)
Yang, Jinho; Jang, Iksu; Jae-Ho Han; Kim, Ki-Seok
Publication Date
2021-06
Journal
ANNALS OF PHYSICS, v.429
Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
Abstract
We investigate the role of generic scale invariance in a Mott transition from a U(1) spin-liquid insulator to a Landau Fermi-liquid metal, where there exist massless degrees of freedom in addition to quantum critical fluctuations. Here, the Mott quantum criticality is described by critical charge fluctuations, and additional gapless excitations are U(1) gauge-field fluctuations coupled to a spinon Fermi surface in the spin-liquid state, which turn out to play a central role in the Mott transition. An interesting feature of this problem is that the scaling dimension of effective leading local interactions between critical charge fluctuations differs from that of the coupling constant between U(1) gauge fields and matter-field fluctuations in the presence of a Fermi surface. As a result, there appear dangerously irrelevant operators, which can cause conceptual difficulty in the implementation of renormalization group (RG) transformations. Indeed, we find that the curvature term along the angular direction of the spinon Fermi surface is dangerously irrelevant at this spin-liquid Mott quantum criticality, responsible for divergence of the self-energy correction term in U(1) gauge-field fluctuations. Performing the RG analysis in the one-loop level based on the dimensional regularization method, we reveal that such extremely overdamped dynamics of U(1) gauge-field fluctuations, which originates from the emergent one-dimensional dynamics of spinons, does not cause any renormalization effects to the effective dynamics of both critical charge fluctuations and spinon excitations. How-ever, it turns out that the coupling between U(1) gauge-field fluctuations and both matter-field excitations still persists at this Mott transition, which results in novel mean-field dynamics to explain the nature of the spin-liquid Mott quantum criticality. We discuss physical implications of effective one-dimensional spin dynamics and extremely overdamped gauge dynamics at the Mott quantum criticality. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
URI
https://pr.ibs.re.kr/handle/8788114/9910
DOI
10.1016/j.aop.2021.168462
ISSN
0003-4916
Appears in Collections:
Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems(복잡계 이론물리 연구단) > 1. Journal Papers (저널논문)
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