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4f occupancy and magnetism of rare-earth atoms adsorbed on metal substrates

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Title
4f occupancy and magnetism of rare-earth atoms adsorbed on metal substrates
Author(s)
Aparajita Singha; Romana Baltic; Fabio Donati; Christian Wäckerlin; Jan Dreiser; Luca Persichetti; Sebastian Stepanow; Pietro Gambardella; Stefano Rusponi; Harald Brune
Publication Date
2017-12
Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B, v.96, no.22, pp.224418
Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
Abstract
We report x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements as well as multiplet calculations for Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm atoms adsorbed on Pt(111), Cu(111), Ag(100), and Ag(111). In the gas phase, all four elements are divalent and we label their 4f occupancy as 4fn. Upon surface adsorption, and depending on the substrate, the atoms either remain in that state or become trivalent with 4fn-1 configuration. The trivalent state is realized when the sum of the atomic correction energies (4f→5d promotion energy Efd+ intershell coupling energy δEc) is low and the surface binding energy is large. The latter correlates with a high substrate density of states at the Fermi level. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy of trivalent RE atoms is larger than the one of divalent RE atoms. We ascribe this to the significantly smaller covalent radius of the trivalent state compared to the divalent one for a given RE element. For a given valency of the RE atom, the anisotropy is determined by the overlap between the spd states of the RE and the d states of the surface. For all investigated systems, the magnetization curves recorded at 2.5 K show absence of hysteresis indicating that magnetic relaxation is faster than about 10 s. © 2017 American Physical Society
URI
https://pr.ibs.re.kr/handle/8788114/4746
DOI
10.1103/PhysRevB.96.224418
ISSN
2469-9950
Appears in Collections:
Center for Quantum Nanoscience(양자나노과학 연구단) > 1. Journal Papers (저널논문)
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