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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout screens and target identification via whole-genome sequencing uncover host genes required for picornavirus infection

Cited 17 time in webofscience Cited 18 time in scopus
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Title
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout screens and target identification via whole-genome sequencing uncover host genes required for picornavirus infection
Author(s)
Heon Seok Kim; Kyungjin Lee; Sangsu Bae; Jeongbin Park; Chong-Kyo Lee; Meehyein Kim; Eunji Kim; Minju Kim; Seokjoong Kim; Chonsaeng Kim; Jin-Soo Kim
Publication Date
2017-06
Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, v.292, no.25, pp.10664 - 10671
Publisher
AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
Abstract
Several groups have used genome-wide libraries of lentiviruses encoding small guide RNAs (sgRNAs) for genetic screens. In most cases, sgRNA expression cassettes are integrated into cells by using lentiviruses, and target genes are statistically estimated by the readout of sgRNA sequences after targeted sequencing. We present a new virus-free method for human gene knockout screens using a genome-wide library of CRISPR/ Cas9 sgRNAs based on plasmids and target gene identification via whole-genome sequencing (WGS) confirmation of authentic mutations rather than statistical estimation through targeted amplicon sequencing. We used 30,840 pairs of individually synthesized oligonucleotides to construct the genome-scale sgRNA library, collectively targeting 10,280 human genes (i.e. three sgRNAs per gene). These plasmid libraries were co-transfected with a Cas9-expression plasmid into human cells, which were then treated with cytotoxic drugs or viruses. Only cells lacking key factors essential for cytotoxic drug metabolism or viral infection were able to survive. Genomic DNA isolated from cells that survived these challenges was subjected to WGS to directly identify CRISPR/Cas9-mediat-ed causal mutations essential for cell survival. With this approach, we were able to identify known and novel genes essential for viral infection in human cells. We propose that genome-wide sgRNA screens based on plasmids coupled with WGS are powerful tools for forward genetics studies and drug target discovery. © 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc
URI
https://pr.ibs.re.kr/handle/8788114/4425
DOI
10.1074/jbc.M117.782425
ISSN
0021-9258
Appears in Collections:
Center for Genome Engineering(유전체 교정 연구단) > 1. Journal Papers (저널논문)
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