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분자활성촉매반응연구단
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Synthesis of gemcitabine-threonine amide prodrug effective on pancreatic cancer cells with improved pharmacokinetic properties

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Title
Synthesis of gemcitabine-threonine amide prodrug effective on pancreatic cancer cells with improved pharmacokinetic properties
Author(s)
Sungwoo Hong; Zhenghuan Fang; Hoi-Yun Jung; Jin-Ha Yoon; Soon-Sun Hong; Han-Joo Maeng
Subject
Amide bond, ; Amino acid transporters, ; Gemcitabine prodrug, ; Metabolic stability, ; Pancreatic cancer cells, ; Pharmacokinetics
Publication Date
2018-10
Journal
MOLECULES, v.23, no.10, pp.2608
Publisher
MDPI AG
Abstract
To investigate the amino acid transporter-based prodrug anticancer strategy further, several amino acid-conjugated amide gemcitabine prodrugs were synthesized to target amino acid transporters in pancreatic cancer cells. The structures of the synthesized amino acid-conjugated prodrugs were confirmed by 1H-NMR and LC-MS. The pancreatic cancer cells, AsPC1, BxPC-3, PANC-1 and MIAPaCa-2, appeared to overexpress the amino acid transporter LAT-1 by conventional RT-PCR. Among the six amino acid derivatives of gemcitabine, threonine derivative of gemcitabine (Gem-Thr) was more effective than free gemcitabine in the pancreatic cancer cells, BxPC-3 and MIAPaCa-2, respectively, in terms of anti-cancer effects. Furthermore, Gem-Thr was metabolically stable in PBS (pH 7.4), rat plasma and liver microsomal fractions. When Gem-Thr was administered to rats at 4 mg/kg i.v., Gem-Thr was found to be successfully converted to gemcitabine via amide bond cleavage. Moreover, the Gem-Thr showed the increased systemic exposure of formed gemcitabine by 1.83-fold, compared to free gemcitabine treatment, due to the significantly decreased total clearance (0.60 vs. 4.23 mL/min/kg), indicating that the amide prodrug approach improves the metabolic stability of gemcitabine in vivo. Taken together, the amino acid transporter-targeting gemcitabine prodrug, Gem-Thr, was found to be effective on pancreatic cancer cells and to offer an efficient potential means of treating pancreatic cancer with significantly better pharmacokinetic characteristics than gemcitabine. (c) 2018 by the Authors
URI
https://pr.ibs.re.kr/handle/8788114/5161
DOI
10.3390/molecules23102608
ISSN
1420-3049
Appears in Collections:
Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations(분자활성 촉매반응 연구단) > 1. Journal Papers (저널논문)
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