Continuous-wave solutions and modulational instability in spinor condensates of positronium

Abstract

We obtain general continuous-wave (CW) solutions in the model of a spinor positronium condensate in the absence of magnetic field. The CW solutions with both in-phase (n = 0) and out-of-phase (n = 1) spin components exist, with their ranges limited by the total particle density, ρ. In the limit of negligible population exchange between the spin components, the CW solutions are found to be stable or unstable, depending on the particle density of the para-positronium. Ortho-positronium, in the F = 1 spinor state, forms a ferromagnetic condensate with stable in-phase CW solutions only. Subsequent examination of the modulational instability is carried out both in the limit case of identical wavenumbers in the spin components, Δk ≡ k1 - k-1 = 0, and in the more general case of Δk ≠ 0 too. The CW solutions with n = 0 and 1 solutions, which are stable in the case of Δk = 0, are unstable for Δk ≠ 0, for the natural repulsive sign of the nonlinearities. The total particle density, ρ, in the limit of Δk = 0 is found to have a significant role in the stability of the condensate, which is determined by the sign of the self-interaction nonlinearity. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd