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Chronic Stress Decreases Cerebrovascular Responses During Rat Hindlimb Electrical Stimulation

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Title
Chronic Stress Decreases Cerebrovascular Responses During Rat Hindlimb Electrical Stimulation
Author(s)
Sohee Lee; Bok-Man Kang; Min-Kyoo Shin; Jiwoong Min; Chaejeong Heo; Yubu Lee; Eunha Baeg; Minah Suh
Subject
chronic stress, ; sensory stimulation, ; neurovascular coupling, ; optical intrinsic signals, ; restraint stress, ; somatosensory cortex
Publication Date
2015-12
Journal
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE, v.9, pp.462
Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
Abstract
Repeated stress is one of the major risk factors for cerebrovascular disease, including stroke, and vascular dementia. However, the functional alterations in the cerebral hemodynamic response induced by chronic stress have not been clarified. Here, we investigated the in vivo cerebral hemodynamic changes and accompanying cellular and molecular changes in chronically stressed rats. After 3 weeks of restraint stress, the elicitation of stress was verified by behavioral despair in the forced swimming test and by physical indicators of stress. The evoked changes in the cerebral blood volume and pial artery responses following hindpaw electrical stimulation were measured using optical intrinsic signal imaging. We observed that, compared to the control group, animals under chronic restraint stress exhibited a decreased hemodynamic response, with a smaller pial arterial dilation in the somatosensory cortex during hindpaw electrical stimulation. The effect of chronic restraint stress on vasomodulator enzymes, including neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2), was assessed in the somatosensory cortex. Chronic restraint stress downregulated nNOS and HO-2 compared to the control group. In addition, we examined the subtypes of cells that can explain the environmental changes due to the decreased vasomodulators. The expression of parvalbumin in GABAergic interneurons and glutamate receptor-1 in neurons were decreased, whereas the microglial activation was increased. Our results suggest that the chronic stress-induced alterations in cerebral vascular function and the modulations of the cellular expression in the neuro-vasomodulatory system may be crucial contributing factors in the development of various vascular-induced conditions in the brain. Copyright©2015Lee,Kang,Shin,Min,Heo,Lee,BaegandSuh.Thisis anopen- accessarticledistributedunderthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttribution License(CCBY).Theuse,distributionorreproductioninotherforumsispermitted, providedtheoriginalauthor(s)orlicensorarecreditedand thattheoriginal publicationinthisjournaliscited,inaccordancewithacceptedacademicpractice. Nouse,distributionorreproductionispermittedwhichdoes notcomplywiththese terms.
URI
https://pr.ibs.re.kr/handle/8788114/2561
DOI
10.3389/fnins.2015.00462
ISSN
1662-453X
Appears in Collections:
Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (뇌과학 이미징 연구단) > 1. Journal Papers (저널논문)
Files in This Item:
Chronic Stress Decreases Cerebrovascular Responses During Rat Hindlimb Electrical Stimulation_서민아.pdfDownload

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